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Fahmio
Fahmio
Bac Tunisie
Anglais/REA-D
REA-DReading comprehension: the closed items

One-word retrieval: the gapped summary and « words meaning nearly the same as »

Idée directrice

Both items pay for one word (or one short expression) copied from a named paragraph, and both use the same move. Decide what the blank or the definition needs — a noun, an adjective, a base verb, a past participle, an expression of several words. Scan only the named paragraph for a word of that kind, copy it in the form printed in the text, then put it back in the blank (or in place of the definition) and reread. The keys list the word as the text prints it, so repair is not repaired. The gapped summary is in 51 of the 91 national reading blocks counted from 2015 to 2026, and the vocabulary search in 55.

Ce qui aide à reconnaître la démarche

« Complete the gapped passage below with three words from paragraph 2. One blank, ONE word » ; « Complete the following summary with 4 words from paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 » ; « Fill in each blank with one word from paragraph 2 » ; « Find in the text words meaning nearly the same as » ; « Pick out words from the text meaning nearly the same as » ; « Find a word in the text that nearly means »

Besoin d’un point de départ ? Voir la méthode
  • Read the blanks and the definitions first, and name what each one needs: a noun (after a / the / his), an adjective (after was / is / very), a base verb (after to / can / cannot / would), a past participle (after has / was / have).
  • Go to the paragraph named and nowhere else; a gapped passage follows the order of that paragraph.
  • Copy the word exactly as the text prints it. If that form does not fit, look for another word — never change the form yourself.
  • Substitution test: reread the passage with your word, or the text sentence with the definition in place of your word.
  • A definition of several words usually points to an expression (turned down, on a shoestring): copy the whole expression and nothing more.
Les pièges à vérifier dans ta démarche
  • Changing the form: repair for repaired, calculate for calculated — the text does not print that word.
  • Taking the right word from the wrong paragraph.
  • Choosing a word because it belongs to the topic (service) when the sentence then says the opposite of the text.
  • Two words in a one-word blank (a luxury).
  • Copying half an expression (shoestring), or the whole sentence around it.
Sujet principal

Reading comprehension — one word from the text (6 marks)

1 questionCorrigé masqué

I. READING COMPREHENSION. Read the text below carefully, then answer the questions that follow it.

1. When the textile factory where he had worked for nine years closed in 2022, Karim Ayadi, then 31, spent his last pay on a box of spanners and a second-hand pump. He set up a repair stall under the arcades near the central market of Sfax, where hundreds of delivery riders pass every day. "The first week, I had three customers and a lot of time to think," he recalls. His wife was anxious, and his father called the stall "a hobby, not a trade".

2. The riders soon became his best advertisement. Most of them work twelve-hour days on old bicycles and cannot afford to lose a morning when a chain breaks. Karim can fix a puncture in under ten minutes, and regular customers pay at the end of the month. When a bicycle cannot be repaired on the spot, he lends one of his own while he looks for parts. "A rider without wheels earns nothing that day," he explains. "Here, speed is not a luxury. It is the whole service."

3. Two years later, the stall has become a workshop with four employees, all former riders. Karim buys broken bicycles from families who no longer use them and rebuilds them with parts salvaged from other wrecks. Nothing is thrown away: worn tyres become door mats, and old inner tubes are cut into straps for market baskets.

4. The workshop still runs on a shoestring, and Karim wants to keep it that way. He has turned down two investors who wanted to open a chain of shops under his name. "I would lose the riders' trust," he says. His father, who once laughed at the idea, now spends his mornings at the counter, sorting bolts.

Practice text written in the style of the adapted press articles of the bac papers.

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

1. Complete the gapped passage below with three words from paragraph 2. One blank, ONE word. (3 marks)

Karim's customers are riders who cannot ① …………… to stop working for a morning. He is able to ② …………… a flat tyre very quickly. For these riders, a fast repair is not a ③ …………… but a necessity.

2. Pick out words / expressions from the text meaning nearly the same as: (3 marks)

a. worried (paragraph 1): ……………

b. rescued from damaged objects so as to be used again (paragraph 3): ……………

c. with very little money (paragraph 4): ……………

Voir la correction commentéeAprès avoir posé votre démarche

Idea: read the gapped passage and the definitions before going back to the text, and name what each blank needs. The passage follows the order of paragraph 2, so the three answers come in that order. Copy each word exactly as printed; if the printed form does not fit, look for another word — never change the form yourself. 1 mark per blank, 1 mark per word.

1.① Idea: after cannot, the blank needs a base verb that can be followed by to stop working. Paragraph 2: "cannot afford to lose a morning".

Answer: afford. Substitution test: riders who cannot afford to stop working for a morning — grammatical, and it keeps the meaning.

1.② Idea: after is able to, a base verb again, meaning repair. Paragraph 2: "Karim can fix a puncture in under ten minutes".

Answer: fix.

Wrong: repair. Paragraph 2 prints only repaired ("cannot be repaired"), and repair itself appears in paragraph 1 ("a repair stall"). So repair is either a changed form or a word from the wrong paragraph, and repaired does not fit after to.

1.③ Idea: after a, the blank needs a noun, and not a … but a necessity asks for the opposite of a necessity. Paragraph 2: "speed is not a luxury".

Answer: luxury.

Wrong: service. The text says speed is the service, so not a service but a necessity reverses the meaning. a luxury is also wrong: two words in a one-word blank.

2.a Idea: worried is an adjective for a feeling, so look for an adjective in paragraph 1 that could replace it. "His wife was anxious" → His wife was worried keeps the meaning.

Answer: anxious. anxiety is wrong: it is a noun, and the text does not print it.

2.b Idea: the definition is a past participle (rescued … so as to be used again), so the answer is a past participle in paragraph 3: "parts salvaged from other wrecks" → parts rescued from other wrecks to be used again.

Answer: salvaged. rebuilds is wrong: it means builds again and describes the bicycles, not the parts taken from wrecks.

2.c Idea: a definition of several words (with very little money) usually points to an expression, not a single word. Paragraph 4: "The workshop still runs on a shoestring".

Answer: on a shoestring. shoestring alone is wrong: the substitution test fails (The workshop still runs shoestring), because the meaning with very little money is carried by the whole expression.

Changer d’énoncé, garder le raisonnement

Choisis un seul transfert après le sujet principal. Qu’est-ce qui change ? Quel résultat ou quelle méthode peux-tu réutiliser ? Les autres exercices restent disponibles pour une prochaine séance.

Variantes rencontrées : « Complete the gapped passage below with three words from paragraph 2. One blank, ONE word » (shared scientific paper, principale 2026); « Complete the following paragraph with three words from paragraph 3. One word per blank » (principale 2018); « Complete the following summary with 4 words from paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 » (Lettres, principale 2015); « Fill in each blank with one word from paragraph 2 » (Sport); « Find in the text words meaning nearly the same as » (contrôle 2015); « Pick out words from the text meaning nearly the same as » (Lettres, principale 2024); « Find a word in the text that nearly means » with synonyms in quotation marks (Sport, 2017). Answers that are expressions of several words appear too (« To make ends meet », Lettres 2015).

Exercices d'entraînement — une nuance à la fois

1 Drill REA-D.1 — a four-word summary across three paragraphs (Lettres)
Entraînement 01 / 04

Drill REA-D.1 — a four-word summary across three paragraphs (Lettres)

1 questionCorrigé masqué

Reading comprehension. Read the text, then answer the question.

1. Houda Mejri lost most of her hearing at the age of four, after a fever. For years, the bakeries of Bizerte turned her away, saying that a baker must hear the customers' orders. At twenty-six, she opened her own bakery in a narrow street near the old port, with a loan from her uncle and a single oven.

2. Today, eight of her ten employees are deaf. Orders are written on small boards, and regular customers have picked up a few signs: a flat hand for bread, two fingers for croissants. "At first, people were puzzled," Houda says. "Now some of them come just to practise."

3. The bakery sells about nine hundred loaves a day. Last year, the regional employment office asked Houda to advise other employers, and three bakeries in the town have since hired deaf workers. "We were never unable to work," she says. "We were simply never asked."

Practice text written in the style of the adapted press articles of the bac papers.

Complete the following summary with 4 words from paragraphs 1, 2 and 3. One word per blank. (4 marks)

After a childhood illness, Houda was refused work by several ① …………… . She started her own business, and most of her staff are now ② …………… like her. Customers who were ③ …………… at first now enjoy communicating by signs. Other employers have followed her example and ④ …………… deaf workers.

Voir la correction commentéeAprès avoir posé votre démarche

Idea: in a summary drawn from several paragraphs, the blanks still follow the order of the text: ① comes from paragraph 1, ② and ③ from paragraph 2, ④ from paragraph 3. For each blank, name the word class first, then copy the text's own form.

① after several → a plural noun. Paragraph 1: "the bakeries of Bizerte turned her away". Answer: bakeries. Wrong: bakery ("her own bakery"): the text prints it, but several bakery is ungrammatical.

② after are now → an adjective describing her staff. Paragraph 2: "eight of her ten employees are deaf". Answer: deaf.

③ after were and before at first → an adjective or a past participle for a feeling. Paragraph 2: "At first, people were puzzled". Answer: puzzled. Wrong: puzzle, a changed form that means something else.

④ after have → a past participle. Paragraph 3: "three bakeries in the town have since hired deaf workers". Answer: hired. Wrong: employers (a noun) or hire (a changed form).

2 Drill REA-D.2 — « Fill in each blank with one word from paragraph 2 » (Sport)
Entraînement 02 / 04

Drill REA-D.2 — « Fill in each blank with one word from paragraph 2 » (Sport)

1 questionCorrigé masqué

Reading comprehension. Read the text, then answer the question.

1. Rania Gharbi was fourteen when a coach noticed her throwing stones into the sea at Monastir with surprising force. Two years later, she was the youngest player in the national junior handball squad.

2. Success came at a price. Rania trained twice a day, and a shoulder injury kept her off the court for seven months. During that time, she followed a strict programme with a physiotherapist and worked on her fitness in the swimming pool. She also discovered a new passion: she started to analyse videos of her opponents and wrote notes on every goalkeeper she might face.

3. When she returned, her coach made her captain. "She came back stronger in the head than in the arm," he says.

Practice text written in the style of the adapted press articles of the bac papers.

Fill in each blank with one word from paragraph 2. (4 marks)

Rania's ① …………… stopped her from playing for more than half a year. She did not give up: she respected a ② …………… programme and improved her ③ …………… in the pool. She also began to ④ …………… her rivals' videos.

Voir la correction commentéeAprès avoir posé votre démarche

Idea: four blanks, one paragraph, one word each. The rewritten sentences use other words than the text (rivals for opponents, more than half a year for seven months), so match the ideas first, then check the word class of each blank.

① after the possessive Rania's → a noun. "a shoulder injury kept her off the court". Answer: injury. injured is wrong: the text does not print it, and an adjective cannot follow Rania's here.

② between a and programme → an adjective. "she followed a strict programme". Answer: strict.

③ after her → a noun for what she improved. "worked on her fitness in the swimming pool". Answer: fitness. fit is a changed form.

④ after began to → a base verb. "she started to analyse videos of her opponents". Answer: analyse. analysing or analysed would be changed forms, and they do not fit after to.

3 Drill REA-D.3 — rare words and expressions of several words
Entraînement 03 / 04

Drill REA-D.3 — rare words and expressions of several words

1 questionCorrigé masqué

Reading comprehension. Read the text, then answer the question.

1. The bookshop of Mohsen Ayari, in a narrow lane of the Tunis medina, is barely wider than a corridor. Books rise from floor to ceiling, and to reach the top shelves Mohsen climbs a rickety wooden ladder that his father made in 1968.

2. For decades, the shop earned very little. In the lean years, Mohsen and his wife had to scrape by on what a few dictionaries and old maps brought in. He never thought of closing it. "My father would have been ashamed of me," he says.

3. Everything changed when a young woman posted a short video of the ladder and the towers of books. Within a week, a throng of young readers filled the lane on Saturday mornings, many of them buying their first book of Arabic poetry. Mohsen now opens on Sundays too.

Practice text written in the style of the adapted press articles of the bac papers.

Pick out from the text words / expressions meaning nearly the same as: (3 marks)

a. old, weak and likely to break (paragraph 1): ……………

b. to manage to live with very little money (paragraph 2): ……………

c. a large crowd (paragraph 3): ……………

Voir la correction commentéeAprès avoir posé votre démarche

Idea: the vocabulary search often targets words you have never met. Do not look for a word you know: use the class of the definition and the substitution test. A definition that begins with to + verb asks for a verb, and it may be a verb of two words.

a. an adjective describing an object. Paragraph 1: "a rickety wooden ladder" → an old, weak ladder likely to break makes sense. Answer: rickety. wooden is wrong: it says what the ladder is made of, not its condition.

b. a verb meaning survive on little money. Paragraph 2: "had to scrape by on what a few dictionaries and old maps brought in" → had to manage to live with very little money. Answer: scrape by (both words). Wrong: earned very little, which describes the shop's income; it is not an expression meaning manage to live.

c. a noun after a. Paragraph 3: "a throng of young readers" → a large crowd of young readers. Answer: throng (or a throng). Wrong: readers: they are the people in the crowd, not the crowd.

4 Drill REA-D.4 — synonyms in quotation marks: keep the word type and the tense (Sport)
Entraînement 04 / 04

Drill REA-D.4 — synonyms in quotation marks: keep the word type and the tense (Sport)

1 questionCorrigé masqué

Reading comprehension. Read the text, then answer the question.

1. When the letter arrived from the national federation, Omar Chaabane was thrilled. At seventeen, the table-tennis player from Kairouan had been selected for the African junior championships in Cairo. His mother framed the letter before he had even finished reading it.

2. Preparation was tough. For six weeks, Omar trained in a hall without heating and ran up the hill behind the stadium every evening. His coach, a former champion called Lotfi, was demanding but patient, and he corrected the same backhand movement hundreds of times.

3. A month before the championships, a club in France offered Omar a contract. He declined it politely. "I want to finish my baccalaureate first," he said. In Cairo, he reached the quarter-finals.

Practice text written in the style of the adapted press articles of the bac papers.

Find a word in the text that nearly means: (3 marks)

a. "Delighted" (paragraph 1): ……………

b. "Hard" (paragraph 2): ……………

c. "Refused" (paragraph 3): ……………

Voir la correction commentéeAprès avoir posé votre démarche

Idea: here the prompt is a synonym, not a definition. Its class and its tense tell you what to look for: Delighted is an adjective (a feeling), Hard is an adjective after was, Refused is a verb in the past simple. The answer has the same class and, for a verb, the same tense.

a. Paragraph 1: "Omar Chaabane was thrilled" → was delighted. Answer: thrilled. selected is wrong: it is what happened to him, not how he felt.

b. Paragraph 2: "Preparation was tough" → Preparation was hard. Answer: tough. demanding is tempting, but it describes the coach, not the preparation, so it does not replace Hard in the sentence the prompt points to.

c. Paragraph 3: "He declined it politely" → He refused it politely. Answer: declined (past simple, like Refused). offered is wrong: it is the opposite action, done by the club.

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